Washington lawmakers introduce bill to allow more prescribed fires

The bill would relax some air quality and permitting regulations so as not to impede measures necessary to ensure forest resiliency to catastrophic fires.

Above: a firefighter watches the progress of the Whaley prescribed fire in the Black Hills National Forest near Hill City, South Dakota, January 13, 2016. Photo by Bill Gabbert.

Lawmakers have introduced a bill in the Washington legislature that would allow more prescribed fires in the central and eastern parts of the state. House Bill 2928 could reduce the number of projects that are disapproved due to air quality regulations.

The goal is to encourage forest managers to reduce the amount of fuel that would be available during a wildfire, or as the bill states, “ensure that restrictions on outdoor burning for air quality reasons do not impede measures necessary to ensure forest resiliency to catastrophic fires”.

If a prescribed fire were to be disapproved due to air quality concerns, the officials would first have to take into account “the likelihood and magnitude of subsequent air pollution from an unplanned and uncontrolled fire if the burn permit is refused, revoked, or postponed”.

In addition, burn permits would be issued that span multiple days for forest resiliency burning. A burn permit spanning multiple days would only be revoked or postponed midway during the duration of the permit when necessary for the safety of adjacent property or upon a determination that the burn has significantly contributed to a violation of air quality standards.

On February 16, the bill passed the House on a unanimous vote.

On February 29 at 12:30 p.m. a hearing on the bill is scheduled in the Senate Committee on Ways & Means.

March and April are historically busy for wildland firefighters in Kansas

Far more acres burn in March and April in Kansas than the other months.

Wildfire occurrence data collected by the Kansas Fire Incident Reporting System shows that over an 11-year period, from 2004 through 2014, there were two spikes in the number of reported fires during the year — in March/April and in July. However, by far, most of the acres burned in March and April.

Below are excerpts from a Kansas State University article written by Chip Redmond and Mary Knapp of the University’s Weather Data library.

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“…Of the eleven years of recorded KFIRS data, 2014 had both the most land area burned (187,500 acres) and the highest number of reported fires (8,075) in a year. In both land area and number, fires followed the typical curve of the previous 10 years, with a peak during the spring months of March and April.

Acres burned in Kansas by month, 2004-2014
Acres burned in Kansas by month, 2004-2014. Data from Kansas State University.
number of reported wildfires in Kansas, by month, 2004-2014
The number of reported wildfires in Kansas, by month, 2004-2014. Data from Kansas State University.

This trend of spring wildfires coincides very well with prescribed burning season. Early spring is typically characterized by dead/cured fuels, warming temperatures, low relative humidity, and little precipitation. Often, if the late fall and winter are below normal in precipitation and/or the region is in a drought, these spring conditions are enhanced – providing explosive conditions for fire growth.

This was the case entering 2014. However, conditions were worsened by an increased fuel load from late summer rains of 2013 that brought some relief to the prolonged drought which peaked in 2012.These combined factors led to a peak of 156,600 acres burning in March/April 2014 alone. Of the 61 days possible in March and April, almost half (29) had more than 1000 acres burned statewide each day. Two days (Jan. 26 and Feb. 19) occurred outside of these months. Below, the March/April calendar with red days were those in which more than 1000 acres statewide were burned. Cold frontal passages throughout the period are marked on their associated day. Continue reading “March and April are historically busy for wildland firefighters in Kansas”

Long range spotting on Mt. Bolton Fire in Australia

Looking at this tweet and the video, Nicholas McCarthy is saying embers from the Mt. Bolton Fire in Victoria, Australia caused a spot fire five kilometers (3.1 miles) away from the main fire.

Mr. McCarthy is working on the Bushfire Convective Plume Experiment based out of the University of Queensland studying extreme fire weather with portable radar.

On February 23 the researchers shot the following time-lapse video of the smoke plume from the Mt. Bolton Fire.

The fire was burning furiously while the video was being filmed, but in a day or two it ran out of heavy fuel and was corralled by firefighters.

Below is a photo showing shorter-range spotting on the Mt. Bolton Fire.

Mt Bolton Fire Victoria CFA
Mt Bolton Fire. Photo by Victoria Country Fire Authority.

Sky lantern starts 15-acre fire in Wisconsin

A sky lantern started a wildfire Saturday in the town of Sun Prairie, Wisconsin that burned 15 acres before firefighters could contain it.

Below is an excerpt from an article in the Wisconsin State Journal:

…The fire was between a half-mile and a mile from the road, so access was difficult, Fire Chief Christopher Garrison said in a release.

Strong winds caused the fire to spread quickly, and it eventually burned more than 15 acres of parkland, Garrison said.

The fire was caused by a sky lantern being released during an organized candlelight ski, hike, and snowshoe event. No injuries were reported, Garrison said.

Due to the difficult access, fire crews requested brush trucks and ATVs from other departments to help put out the fire.

Sky lanterns are small plastic or paper covered hot air balloons powered by an open flame. They can travel uncontrolled for more than a mile, sometimes landing while the fire is still burning.

Twintynine states ban sky lanterns, with Massachusetts and Nebraska being the most recent. They are not banned state-wide in Wisconsin.

sky lanterns banned

 

UPDATE February 29, 2016: Neal Mulconrey, after reading this post, contacted to let us know that last year a sky lantern started a fire that burned within 50 feet of a residence in Beverly Shores, Indiana. Mr. Mulconrey, who works for the fire management organization in Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, said that since the fire started at night it spread slowly and their firefighters were able to stop the spread before it grew large.

Thanks and a tip of the hat go out to Jim.

Red Flag Warnings for areas in 8 states

The National Weather Service has issued Red Flag Warnings through this evening for areas in South Dakota, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas, Wyoming, Nebraska, Kansas, and Missouri.

Forecasters expect strong winds along with relative humidities generally in the teens, but in some areas as low as the single digits.

The map was current as of 10:40 a.m. MDT on Saturday. Red Flag Warnings can change throughout the day as the National Weather Service offices around the country update and revise their forecasts and maps. For the most current data visit this NWS site.