How the name of the film Wildland evolved

film "Wildfire" firefighters
Screenshot from the film, Wildland.

Last month when filmmakers Alex Jablonski and Kahlil Hudson first screened their new film about a crew of wildland firefighters at  the Camden International Film Festival it was titled Young Men and Fire. (Yesterday we wrote about how the film was made.)

Wildland firefighters will recognize that name as the title of a book published in 1993 by Norman Maclean that told the story of the 13 firefighters, 12 of whom were smokejumpers, that died in Montana in 1949 on the Mann Gulch Fire. Not only is the book a classic of the American West and an excellent read (it won the National Book Critics Circle Award) it tells the story of a well known landmark in the history of wildland firefighting — a very meaningful and emotional event for some wildland firefighters.

It was the last book written by Norman Maclean, and was not quite finished when he passed away. His son, John N. Maclean, a former journalist, assisted in the final editing process. Since then, John has written five books about wildland fire including Fire on the Mountain and his latest, River of Fire.

Norman also wrote A River Runs Through It, which in 1992 was adapted for the big screen, directed and narrated by Robert Redford and starring Brad Pitt.

Since the Camden Film Festival, the name of the Young Men and Fire film changed to Wildland.

I reached out by email to John N. Maclean and asked for his thoughts about the name of the film. His response:

“I thought the use of Young Men and Fire as a movie title was a very bad idea. I did wonder how serious the filmmakers were, considering they had not contacted the University of Chicago Press, publisher of the book, or the family before deciding to use a famous title. (Alex has apologized for this.) I put a notice up on my Facebook page when I first learned what was afoot, and a rash of very negative comments flooded in. Alex and I then got in direct touch and he offered to change the title if I asked him to. I’d like to add that our exchanges were civil and respectful despite the considerable distress on both sides. At that point I bowed out and took down the Facebook posting. If they wanted to use the title and take the consequences on their heads, so be it. The decision to change the name was entirely the responsibility of the movie producers. I’m glad they did it, but I made no such demand.”

I asked Alex Jablonski, one of the co-directors and co-producers, about the name change. Below are my questions (in bold) and his responses, by email:

–Originally it was titled Young Men and Fire. The book of the same name and the deaths of the 13 firefighters in 1949 are part of a very meaningful and emotional subject among wildland firefighters. I assume when you selected that title you were familiar with the book by Norman Maclean. Why did you choose that title? 

“I actually wrote about this when we were using that title so I’m going to put some of what I wrote here:
Obviously Maclean’s book is big for just about everyone in fire, and it’s an investigation into the deaths of [13 firefighters] in the
Mann Gulch fire in 1949. But, it is multi-layered and the book is many other things – an examination of the souls of young men, an attempt at understanding our own mortality, a story about covering the same ground over and over, searching for new answers to old questions, and an effort to understand fire in terms both scientific and theological.

“This is exactly what we felt we were doing in making this film. It was looking at this question of, what is this connection between young men trying to prove themselves and fire? How is it that the same draw that brought those smokejumpers to Mann Gulch seventy-years ago is just as powerful as the draw that finds our characters in training in Grants Pass, Oregon? How is it that young men come to this line of work and what changes within them when they confront something as elemental as fire?

“These are the same questions that Maclean was wrestling with, and while we’re asking them using a different medium and in a different time, they are still the same questions. And moreover, our entire approach to this film — the very way we set out to examine both the interior and exterior lives of our characters — is directly descended from the way Maclean wrote and how he saw the world.”

–Why did you change the title to Wildland?

“In short – we listened to people in the fire community. There were really two prongs of reaction to the original title. The first was from John Maclean (Norman’s son). He knew that we meant it to honor his father but we had not reached out to him before the film was announced – and that was a mistake on our part… People hold that book near and dear and people did not feel that it was honoring the book but taking something from it.

“The second reason was that a lot of women in the fire community felt that the title was exclusionary because of the number of women in wildland fire, and to have ‘men’ in the title, completely erased them. Our film is very much about men and masculinity and a certain type of camaraderie, but it didn’t sit well with me that the title had this impact on the women in the community. I can only imagine the kind of things that women in fire have had to deal with and I hated the idea that our title would be one more thing, one more moment where the felt they didn’t belong or weren’t part of this world. So given all that the decision was pretty clear. I think that the title Wildland is still evocative and still speaks to the uncultivated parts of us ourselves and the world.”


The television version of Wildland will be shown on the PBS television series Independent Lens October 29 at 10 p.m. ET. Check your local listings — not all stations will carry it at that time; I saw it scheduled for 3 a.m. October 30 in one city. The full-length feature film version will appear in a limited number of theaters beginning January 16, 2019. That website has instructions on how you can bring it to your city. Mr. Jablonski said all screenings will help raise money for the Wildland Firefighter Foundation, helping families of firefighters.

A physician describes “smoke induced depression” in Oregon

Terwilliger Fire
Terwilliger Fire in western Oregon, August 24, 2018. Inciweb photo.

The Mail Tribune posted a video about how in recent years the occurrence of wildfire smoke seems to be more frequent in Oregon.

Some of the short term effects of smoke are well known, such as how it can affect people with pre-existing respiratory conditions, but not much research has been completed on the long term effects on residents or firefighters.

In the video, Doctor of Nursing Practice Matt Hogge introduced a condition called smoke induced depression.

“You see a lot of people coming in with mild mental health concerns”, he said, “that might not have those in their day to day life, but the anxiety of not being able to go outside and do the things that they are normally able to do really affects some people’s moods.”

Filmmakers embed with hand crew to make “Wildland”

A television version of the film about firefighters will be on PBS October 29, with the full-length feature opening in theaters January 16, 2019.

Wildland movie film firefighters

Over the course of a fire season Alex Jablonski embedded with a Grayback Forestry Type 2 Initial Attack hand crew of firefighters out of Merlin, Oregon, getting to know them and gaining their trust. He accompanied them on wildfires carrying two video cameras, lenses, extra batteries, and a fire shelter in his fireline pack along with two gallons of water and a Yeti Rambler bottle filled with half a gallon of coffee. Most of the time while they were on a fire he worked beside them using a hand tool, but about 10 to 15 percent of the time he traded the tool for one of the video cameras, shooting footage while they were working and interviewing them on breaks.

“Sometimes we missed some good shots or some good moments but it was important to us to make sure that we were contributing and were very much a part of the crew”, Mr. Jablonski said. “As you can see in the film a lot of the story takes place off the line and at home, or in training, because we wanted to tell the personal stories of these guys on the crew.”

Mr. Jablonski and two other videographers, Kahlil Hudson and Grayson Schaffer, went through the basic firefighter training, passed the Work Capacity Test (Pack Test), and received Red Cards, qualifying them to work on the fireline with the crew.  The three of them rotated in and out; only one person from the film company was with the crew at any one time.

“We also knew the pack test would be the easiest part of the summer”, Mr. Jablonski said, “and kept in good shape before starting the film — training hikes, lifting, etc.”

Alex Jablonski filmmaker
Alex Jablonski

The filmmakers used their summer with the crew and the hours of video they shot to make a film — “Wildland”. The television version will be shown on the PBS television series Independent Lens October 29. Check your local listings — not all stations will carry it at that time; I saw it scheduled for 3 a.m. October 30 in one city. The full-length feature film version will appear in a limited number of theaters beginning January 16, 2019. That website has instructions on how you can bring it to your city. Mr. Jablonski said all screenings will help raise money for the Wildland Firefighter Foundation, helping families of firefighters.

Filmed over one fire season, “Wildland” is a sweeping yet deeply personal account of a single wildland firefighting crew as they struggle with fear, loyalty, dreams, and demons. What emerges is a rich story of working-class men — their exterior world, their interior lives and the fire that lies between. (From the film’s website)

The filmmakers obtained permission from the Oregon Department of Forestry to embed with the Grayback Forestry crew and shot only on ODF fires. They did not shoot on any U.S. Forest Service fires.

Below is an excerpt from an interview with Mr. Jablonski from a PBS article:

How did you integrate and get initiated with these other firefighters? Did you have a special bond with any of them?

“It began by just spending a lot of time at the base. We’d be there early in the morning in the winter when the guys were just going out to do what’s called ‘project work’ which is essentially thinning forests. It’s hard work on steep slopes and not exciting. We’d tag along and just hang out, then maybe shoot a bit or ask questions during a break.”

“It’s this slow process of building rapport, showing that you’re there for the right reasons and that you’re committed to spending time there.”

“Then as we got to know people we’d find guys who we thought could be pretty interesting. Tim Brewer, the crew boss in the film, was someone who stuck out right away. He’s sharp-tongued and funny and has a ton of experience. He’s also not particularly friendly at first.”

“When we’d zeroed in on his crew to follow them, I went up to him and said, ‘Hey Tim, I’m Alex — we’re doing this film and we’d be interested in talking to you about maybe following your crew,’ and he just looked at me and said, ‘You know I’m a dick, right?’ and then walked away. That was it.”

“And then he avoided me for a week. But once we were able to keep talking to him and explain what we were after he became a little more open. And after spending a lot of time out there with him we became friends and I’ve opened up to him about things I’ve gone through in the same way that he opens up [about] in the film.”

Below is the official trailer for “Wildfire”:

The film is directed and produced by Alex Jablonski and Kahlil Hudson.

Wildland movie poster firefighters

Tomorrow: How the film’s name changed from “Young Men and Fire”, to “Wildfire”.

Firefighter physical exams can save lives

Physical exam firefighter save life
Screen grab from the video.

As we reported earlier today, the Bureau of Land Management is beginning to provide medical exams for federal Emergency Firefighters (EFFs) in Alaska. The goal is to increase safety by identifying pre-existing conditions that could be aggravated by the arduous duty of wildland firefighting.

These two videos, each about two minutes long, tell the stories of firefighters who discovered during the physicals that they had life-threatening medical conditions. They were then able to take actions which probably saved their lives.

Alaska emergency firefighters to undergo medical exams starting in November

Alaska EFF firefighters
The Kobuk River #2 Type 2 EFF Crew working on a fire in the Lower 48 in 2018. AFS photo.

The Bureau of Land Management Alaska Fire Service in partnership with the Department of Interior Medical Standards Program (DOI MSP) will soon provide medical exams to federal Emergency Firefighters (EFF). The goal of the exams is to increase safety by identifying pre-existing conditions that could be aggravated by the arduous duty of wildland firefighting.

The medical exams will be provided in approximately 28 Alaska villages through mobile medical units and by scheduled appointments at 18 facilities throughout the state.

Starting in November EFFs in Alaska who are hired on an as-needed basis will need medical exams once every three years and self-certify in between years. The medical screening established by the DOI MSP will screen EFFs for any disqualifying medical conditions prior to participating in the Work Capacity Test (WCT), otherwise known as the pack test. Only wildland firefighters performing arduous duties are required to undergo medical exams and pass the WCT.

Schedules for the exams will be posted on the BLM AFS EFF webpage .

For the past two years, Alaska EFFs were granted exemptions to these medical screening requirements. The first phase of implementation of the medical exams began in 2015 and only included regularly employed Department of the Interior wildland firefighters. Applying the requirements to Alaska EFFs was originally planned to begin in 2017, but implementation was delayed until measures were in place to provide mobile units in rural Alaska to conduct the medical examinations. The exams do not include drug testing or affect State of Alaska EFFs.

There is no cost to the EFF for the examination, however, if the individual chooses a location other than their local village BLM AFS will not cover the associated travel costs. After the exam is completed, a determination will be made regarding the candidate’s eligibility to participate in the pack test and the arduous duty of wildland firefighting.

The BLM AFS provides wildland fire management for the Department of the Interior and Native Corporation lands in Alaska and provides oversight of the BLM Alaska aviation program. Firefighter safety and the safety of the public are core values and are fundamental in all areas of wildland fire management.

For more information, EFF candidates can email AFS_EFF@blm.gov or call EFF Program at 1-833-532-8810 or (907)356-5897.

 

Fire whirl recorded on video in the UK

Fire Whirl
Fire Whirl — Leicestershire Fire & Rescue Service

I don’t often associate extreme wildland fire behavior with the United Kingdom, but firefighters with the Leicestershire Fire and Rescue Service grabbed some video of this impressive fire whirl near Swadlincote, a town in Derbyshire, England.

Fire Whirl

Fire Whirl
Fire Whirl — Leicestershire Fire & Rescue Service

We have written about similar phenomenons several times on Wildfire Today. Here is an excerpt from a 2016 article, “Defining fire whirls and fire tornados”:


The news media sometimes calls any little fire whirl a “fire tornado”, or even a “firenado”. We found out today that these and related terms (except for “firenado”) were, if not founded, at least documented and defined in 1978 by a researcher for the National Weather Service in Missoula, David W. Goens. He grouped fire whirls into four classes:

  1. Fire Devils. They are a natural part of fire turbulence with little influence on fire behavior or spread. They are usually on the order of 3 to 33 feet in diameter and have rotational velocities less than 22 MPH.
  2. Fire Whirls. A meld of the fire, topograph, and meteorological factors. These play a significant role in fire spread and hazard to control personnel. The average size of this class is usually 33 to 100 feet, with rotational velocities of 22 to 67 MPH.
  3. Fire Tornadoes. These systems begin to dominate the large scale fire dynamics. They lead to extreme hazard and control problems. In size, they average 100 to 1,000 feet in diameter and have rotational velocities up to 90 MPH.
  4. Fire Storm. Fire behavior is extremely violent. Diameters have been observed to be from 1,000 to 10,000 feet and winds estimated in excess of 110 MPH. This is a rare phenomenon and hopefully one that is so unlikely in the forest environment that it can be disregarded.”