Wildfire potential, February through May

wildfire potential outlook February

The forecast for wildland fire potential issued February 1 by the National Interagency Fire Center predicts that for the next four months the potential for wildfires will be higher than average at times in the Carolinas, Georgia, Florida, parts of New Mexico and Arizona, and the central and southern plains.

The data from NIFC shown here represents the cumulative forecasts of the ten Geographic Area Predictive Services Units and the National Predictive Services Unit.

Below:

  • An excerpt from the NIFC narrative report for the next four months;
  • Additional NIFC monthly graphical outlooks;
  • NOAA’s three-month temperature and precipitation forecasts;
  • Drought Monitor;
  • Keetch-Byram Drought Index.

“Nearly 90% of the West remains in drought, with most of the Plains and Texas also in drought. Most of Texas and the Lower Mississippi Valley saw an expansion or exacerbation of drought as well. Much of the West had a dry January, but snowpack is mostly 75% to 125% of average. Above average precipitation across the Carolinas and Virginia reduced drought and fire potential concerns, while most of the Plains and Great Lakes observed below average precipitation.

“Climate outlooks through spring indicate near to below normal temperatures and near to above normal precipitation are likely across the northern half of the West into the western Great Lakes. Above normal precipitation is also likely across the Mid-Mississippi and Ohio Valleys and through much of the Great Lakes and Northeast into the Mid-Atlantic. However, drier than normal conditions are expected for the southern half of the West, southern and central Plains, and portions of the Southeast, with near to above normal temperatures likely as well across these areas. Guidance also indicates this could be a potentially busy severe weather season east of the Plains, which usually portends to periods of critical fire weather conditions on the Plains behind the severe weather.

“Above normal significant fire potential is forecast for much of the central and southern Plains through March while persisting on the High Plains and eastern slopes of the Front Range through April into May. Above normal potential is forecast in portions of south Texas and the Hill Country during February then spreading across far southwest Texas, much of New Mexico, and southern Arizona by May. The westward retreat of above normal significant fire potential in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas is following the expected green-up procession.

“Due to the recent widespread and in places, heavy precipitation across the Carolinas and Virginia, forecast above normal significant fire potential was removed in February. However, above normal significant fire potential is forecast in portions of the Florida Peninsular into southeast Georgia in February and likely persisting through the spring. Additionally, above normal potential is likely to expand across Florida and into the Carolinas during March and April. Lingering above normal potential is forecast to remain across Florida in May. Areas of south and east Texas into the Lower Mississippi Valley will continue to be monitored for above normal potential.”

wildfire potential outlook March wildfire potential outlook April wildfire potential outlook May

Three-month temp and precip outlook
Three-month temperature and precipitation outlook

Drought Monitor, Jan. 25, 2022 KBDI Jan. 31, 2022

 

Strong winds expected in Northern California

8:46 a.m. PST, February 1, 2022

NWS strong winds

The National Weather Service predicts strong winds in areas of Northern California Tuesday and Wednesday, lasting into Thursday in the Bay area.

There are no Red Flag Warnings in effect, but the wildland fire danger for today, February 1, ranges from low in the higher elevations to severe in portions of the Bay and North Bay areas. It will also be very high to severe in some locations between San Francisco and Santa Barbara.

The forecast for Sacramento on Tuesday calls for sunny skies, 58 degrees, 33 percent relative humidity, and afternoon winds of 23 mph winds out of the north-northwest at 23 mph gusting to 32 mph. On Wednesday the wind and temperature will be similar, but the RH will drop to 21 percent. The Thursday forecast has the wind decreasing to 5 mph with 18 percent RH.

Fire danger, Northern California, Feb. 1, 2022
Wildland fire danger, Northern California, Feb. 1, 2022.

The map below shows wind gusts at 8:12 a.m. PT, Feb. 1, 2022

wind gusts northern California Feb. 1, 2022
Wind gusts at 8:12 a.m. PT, Feb. 1, 2022. NWS.

The Hot-Dry-Windy index on Tuesday for the North Bay area is above the 90th percentile, but it does not take into account the condition of the vegetation, i.e., fuel moisture.

Wildfire potential predicted to be high in Southern Plains, Florida, Georgia, and Carolinas

NIFC’s wildfire potential outlook, January through April

wildland fire outlook, March 2022The forecast for wildland fire potential issued January 1 by the National Interagency Fire Center predicts that for the next four months the potential for wildfires will be higher than average in the Carolinas, Georgia, Florida, and the central and southern plains.

The data from NIFC shown here represents the cumulative forecasts of the ten Geographic Area Predictive Services Units and the National Predictive Services Unit.

Below:

  • An excerpt from the NIFC narrative report for the next four months;
  • Additional NIFC monthly graphical outlooks;
  • NOAA’s three-month temperature and precipitation forecasts;
  • Drought Monitor;
  • Keetch-Byram Drought Index.

“Nearly 90% of the West remains in drought, with a third of the West in the highest two categories of drought…. Most of the eastern two-thirds of the CONUS observed below normal precipitation with portions of the central and southern Plains receiving no precipitation during December. Above normal precipitation was observed across much of the West into portions of the northern Plains and northern Great Lakes. Temperatures were above normal for most of the CONUS except along portions of the West Coast and Montana. Abnormally dry and drought conditions expanded across the southern Plains due to the prevalence of much above normal temperatures and little to no precipitation in December.

“Climate outlooks for winter into early spring indicate above normal temperatures are likely along the southern tier of the CONUS, with the highest probabilities likely in the South. Below normal temperatures and above normal precipitation are expected across the Pacific Northwest into portions of the northern Rockies and northern Plains. The Great Lakes and Mid-Mississippi Valley are also likely to experience above normal precipitation through March. Below normal precipitation will likely accompany above normal temperatures across the southern third of the western US, through much of Texas, along the Gulf Coast, and into the Carolinas.

“Above normal significant fire potential is forecast for much of the central and southern Plains January through April with several periods of critical conditions possible due to wind events. Above normal potential is forecast to expand into portions of south Texas in February then westward across far West Texas, southern New Mexico, and southeast Arizona March into April.

“Above normal significant fire potential is expected to expand from the eastern Carolinas in January into the remainder of the Carolinas and much of Florida and Georgia February through April. Above normal potential is also forecast for portions of Virginia in February that will expand into eastern West Virginia and the Mid-Atlantic for March.”


wildland fire outlook, January 2022

wildland fire outlook, February 2022

(March is at the top of the article)

wildland fire outlook, April 2022


90-day precipitation & temperature outlook, issued Dec. 16, 2021 Keetch-Byram Drought Index Drought monitor, Dec. 28, 2021

Red Flag Warnings Wednesday for parts of eight states

Portions of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Iowa, Missouri, Texas, and Oklahoma

UPDATED at 9:08 a.m. MST Dec. 15, 2021


Originally published at 7:33 p.m. MST Dec. 14, 2021

 Flag Warnings Dec. 15, 2021
Red Flag Warnings Dec. 15, 2021. NWS / Google.

Critical fire weather on Wednesday December 15 has now been confirmed for eastern Colorado, most of Kansas, southeast Nebraska, eastern New Mexico, southwest Iowa, northwest Missouri, and the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma.

Red Flag Warnings issued by the National Weather Service Tuesday predict very strong west or southwest winds 30 to 45 mph with gusts to 60 or 80 depending on the location and relative humidity in the low teens. Red Flag Warnings will expire Wednesday evening.

With the area experiencing levels of drought ranging from moderate to extreme, the fuels are dry and could be easily ignited. Vegetation fires could spread very rapidly and be difficult to suppress.

Critical fire weather predicted Wednesday for parts of OK, CO, KS, and TX

Low humidity with wind gusts above 65 mph

Fire Weather Watch
Fire Weather Watch issued Dec. 13 for Wednesday Dec. 15, 2021. NWS & Google.

Critical fire weather is in the forecast Wednesday for southeast Colorado, western Kansas, and the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma. A Fire Weather Watch issued by the National Weather Service Monday morning predicts strong southwest winds Wednesday 35 to 45 mph with gusts to 65 and relative humidity in the low teens. Red Flag Warnings will probably be issued for Wednesday.

With the area experiencing levels of drought ranging from moderate to extreme, the fuels are dry and could be easily ignited.

Drought Monitor, Dec. 7, 2021.
Drought Monitor, Dec. 7, 2021.

Since December 7 the Energy Release Component (ERC) for the Texas panhandle has been setting new daily records for the highest ever recorded for those dates. On December 12 it was 72 while the average for this time of the year is in the low 40s. The ERC can help predict the intensity and rate of spread of a wildland fire. It is expected to remain in record-setting territory through at least December 19.

Energy Release Component for the Texas Panhandle
Energy Release Component for the Texas Panhandle, generated Dec. 13, 2021.

The Texas Forest Service has arranged for two large air tankers to be in the area to “support suppression efforts in Oklahoma and Texas as requested”. They are opening the Air Tanker base at Abilene.

New research links Australia’s forest fires to climate change

Shows climate change has driven a significant increase in Australia’s forest fire activity over the last three decades

Climate change factors, wildfire weather and activity
Climate change factors, wildfire weather and activity. From the research.

From CSIRO

A lengthening of the fire season towards Autumn and Winter was identified, along with an increase in fire activity in cooler and warmer regions including alpine forests in Tasmania and tropical rainforests in Queensland.

The research published in Nature Communications is the first of its kind and combines analysis of previous forest fire sites with eight drivers of fire activity including climate, fuel accumulation, ignition, and management (prescribed burning).

Thirty-two years of satellite data and 90 years of ground-based datasets from climate and weather observations, and simulated fuel loads for Australian forests, formed the basis of the research, which allowed researchers to identify climate change driven increases versus natural variability.

CSIRO scientist, Dr. Pep Canadell, said the research was one of the most extensive studies of its kind performed to date, and was important for understanding how continued changes to the climate might impact future fire activity.

“While all eight drivers of fire-activity played varying roles in influencing forest fires, climate was the overwhelming factor driving fire-activity,” Dr Canadell said.

“The results also suggest the frequency of forest megafires are likely to continue under future projected climate change.”

Over the last 90 years, three of the four mega fire years occurred after the year 2000. A mega fire year is defined as the cumulative burned area of forest over one year of more than 1 million hectares.

Australia’s mean temperature has increased by 1.4 degrees Celsius since 1910, with a rapid increase in extreme heat events, while rainfall has declined in the southern and eastern regions of the continent. Globally fire activity is decreasing, however, the extent of forest fires in Australia is increasing.

Whole of continental Australia including Tasmania
Burned area, whole of continental Australia including Tasmania, linear fit. From the research.

When comparing the first half (1988 – 2001) with the second half (2002-2018) of the record studied, the research showed that the average annual forest burned area in Australia increased 350 per cent, and 800 per cent when including 2019.

Comparing the same time period, the research showed a five-fold increase in annual average burned area in winter and a three-fold increase in Autumn, with Spring and Summer seeing a ten-fold increase.

“In Australia, fire frequency has increased rapidly in some areas and there are now regions in the southeast and south with fire intervals shorter than 20 years. This is significant because it means some types of vegetation won’t reach maturity and this could put ecosystems at risk,” Dr Canadell said.

“Understanding these trends will help to inform emergency management, health, infrastructure, natural resource management and conservation.”

Bushfire
Bushfire. Courtesy of CSIRO.

The research was conducted by J. G. Canadell, C. P. Meyer, G. D. Cook, et al.